| 引用本文: | 王志文,刘秀波,周安,张飞志,张世宏.表面技术提高农林机械耐磨性能及应用研究进展[J].中国表面工程,2024,37(4):102~116 |
| WANG Zhiwen,LIU Xiubo,ZHOU An,ZHANG Feizhi,ZHANG Shihong.Research Progress of Surface Technology to Improve the Wear Resistance of Agricultural and Forestry Machinery and Application[J].China Surface Engineering,2024,37(4):102~116 |
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| 摘要: |
| 农林机械如割草机刀片、深松铲犁铧铲尖和旋耕机松土刀片等关键运动部件在使用中，受到长期严重的磨损、腐蚀和冲击等而导致失效，阻碍其进一步发展。表面改性技术应用潜力巨大，但针对农林机械的研究进展尚缺乏系统综述。阐述农林机械使用工况及其关键运动部件在服役过程中的失效原因，重点概述四种表面技术（热喷涂、喷焊、堆焊、激光熔覆）的优缺点及其在农林机械上的应用示例，提炼出针对不同工况表面技术的选择依据。通过对四种表面技术的特点和适用场合的归纳总结，激光熔覆作为一种新型的金属表面功能涂层制造技术，具有较高效率、高强度冶金结合和较高性价比，在提高农林机械关键运动部件耐磨性能上的应用具有较大前景。综述相关研究现状指出现有研究的不足及未来研究的展开方向，可为表面技术提高农林机械关键运动部件耐磨性提供全面理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 表面技术 农林机械 摩擦学性能 研究进展 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007-9289.20230709001 |
| 分类号:TG665；TP216 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research Progress of Surface Technology to Improve the Wear Resistance of Agricultural and Forestry Machinery and Application |
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WANG Zhiwen1，LIU Xiubo1，ZHOU An1，ZHANG Feizhi1，ZHANG Shihong2
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1.Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface / interface Science & Technology,Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004 , China ；2.Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials ofMinistry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Owing to the enormous amount of work performed and harsh working conditions of agricultural and forestry machinery, many critical moving parts are subjected to long-term overloads, which results in reduced service life and hinders the further development of agricultural and forestry machinery. Therefore, reducing the wear and tear of key moving parts is of great practical importance in agroforestry production. Surface modification technology has become an important method for improving the wear resistance of key moving parts of agricultural and forestry machinery. The surface modification technology is adaptable, easy to operate, and inexpensive. Surface technologies, such as thermal spraying, built-up welding, spray welding, and laser cladding, can improve the wear resistance of key moving parts of agricultural and forestry machinery. This increases the efficiency and reduces the intensity of agricultural and forestry machinery work. Thermal spraying technology has unique characteristics such as lightweight equipment, process flexibility, easy operation, short machinery-repair time, higher adaptability, controllable coating thickness, and suitability for a wide range of base materials. Built-up welding technology offers several advantages, including high bonding strength between the fused cladding and the substrate, good impact resistance, cladding composition, and coating thickness, which can be adjusted from 2 to 30 mm. Moreover, it imparts properties that can be easily adapted to suit a variety of situations. Spray-welding technology involves preheating the alloy powder coating on the surface and subsequently heating it to 1 000–1 300 ℃. The borides and silicides produced in the coating formed good bonds with the substrate surface and between the particles. The final formation was a compact and crystalline metallic structure that formed a metallurgical bond with a substrate of approximately 0.05 to 0.1 mm. The fused coating exhibited excellent impact, abrasion, and corrosion resistance. Laser cladding is a recent technology used for manufacturing functional coatings on metal surfaces, and has high cladding efficiency, good flatness of the coating, and low overall cost. The advantages of laser cladding include the metallurgical bond between the substrate and coating, high melting efficiency, rapid cooling, high powder utilization rate, flat molten cladding, a wider selection of materials for cladding, and selective localized repair. This study outlines the working conditions and wear mechanisms of agricultural and forestry machinery. The application of four surface modification techniques—thermal spraying, spray welding, cladding, and laser cladding—to key moving parts of agricultural and forestry machinery and the advantages and disadvantages of each surface modification method are summarized. Based on this, the status of research on ground technology for agricultural and forestry machinery is presented. Finally, key scientific issues and challenges in the current research are summarized, and future research directions are discussed. |
| Key words: surface technology agricultural and forestry machinery tribological property research progress |
