| 引用本文: | 赵新泽,李晨诗,吕亚茹,李雪强,肖水淋,赵美云.改善载流摩擦副摩擦学特性的表面处理技术综述[J].中国表面工程,2024,37(4):79~101 |
| ZHAO Xinze,LI Chenshi,LÜ Yaru,LI Xueqiang,XIAO Shuilin,ZHAO Meiyu.Review of Surface Treatment Technologies for Improving Tribology Characteristics of Current-carrying Friction Pairs[J].China Surface Engineering,2024,37(4):79~101 |
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| 摘要: |
| 载流摩擦副在武器装备制造、电气化铁路和航空航天等多个领域得到广泛应用，随着技术和工业的进步，对于提高效率、降低能耗及延长设备寿命的需求变得日益紧迫，改善载流摩擦副的特性变得至关重要。现有研究通过表面涂层、纳米结构设计和材料改性等方法，优化了载流摩擦学特性，实现了减摩、耐磨、导电等目标，相关研究内容和方法也日益丰富和完善。但目前缺少这类综述论文，此类论文对于引领整个行业和领域的发展显得尤为重要。全面概述表面改性、表面涂层、润滑技术和复合技术在改善载流摩擦特性方面的应用与效果。探讨这些技术在提高载流摩擦性能、减少能量损失和延长材料使用寿命等方面的作用。通过对不同表面处理方法的比较和分析，揭示其在改善摩擦特性、降低摩擦因数和提高导电性等方面的显著效果。研究结果为解决载流摩擦中摩擦学性能与导电性之间的平衡提供了重要线索，对于工程实践应用具有指导意义， 特别是复合技术等手段成为提高载流性能和应对严苛工作环境的必要举措，具有十分重要的应用价值，对推动载流摩擦领域的发展有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 载流摩擦 摩擦磨损特性 表面改性 表面涂覆 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007-9289.20231007001 |
| 分类号:TH117 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52175177）；水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室开放基金（2021KJX03） |
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| Review of Surface Treatment Technologies for Improving Tribology Characteristics of Current-carrying Friction Pairs |
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ZHAO Xinze1，2，LI Chenshi2，Lü Yaru2，LI Xueqiang2，XIAO Shuilin2，ZHAO Meiyu1，2
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1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002 , China ；2.College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Current-carrying friction pairs play a key role in a variety of industries, including weapons and equipment manufacturing, electrified railways, and aerospace. With the continuous development of technological and industrial advances, increasing efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and extending equipment life have become top priorities. Given this dynamic background, improving the tribological properties of current-carrying friction pairs has become paramount. Scholars and researchers have been keen to pursue methods to optimize friction reduction, wear resistance, and other tribological properties, such as surface coatings, nanostructure design, and material modification. Significant progress has been made in these specific areas, but few articles effectively synthesize the existing wealth of knowledge and provide comprehensive reviews. This gap presents a challenge in fully understanding the progress made and its potential practical applications. The main purpose of this study is to fill the knowledge gap in this field by providing a comprehensive overview of the application and effect of various surface technologies in improving the characteristics of current-carrying friction pairs. First, a surface modification technology is proposed, the core idea of which is to optimize the current-carrying friction characteristics by adjusting the surface support structure and surface strengthening. Although the surface weaving method, which involves structural adjustments at both the micro and macro scales, may increase the surface roughness, a good balance between the tribological properties and electrical conductivity can still be achieved by optimizing the surface texture. Specifically, this can be achieved using a hexagonal arrangement of dotted surface patterns, which provides a promising solution for improving the overall performance of the material. Surface strengthening enhances the physical and chemical properties of the surface using physical surface means and adsorption films to improve the current-carrying friction characteristics. An investigation of the effect of heat treatment on current-carrying friction characteristics was suggested. An in-depth analysis of the effect of heat treatment on current-carrying friction characteristics will help to better understand the fundamentals and provide insight into the design and optimization of electrical contacts. Second, the introduction of surface coating and lubrication technology involves the addition of a film or coating to the surface of the friction pair, which can be selected according to the specific materials and precise coating processes, with the aim of optimizing the current-carrying characteristics of the friction pair. Lubrication technology aims to introduce appropriate lubricants between the surfaces of friction pairs to reduce the coefficient of friction and slow the surface wear. Of particular note is that the carbon nanotubes show superior performance, lower and more stable electrical contact resistance, and excellent lubrication ability. By carefully selecting the type and performance of the lubricating oil, precise control of the current-carrying friction process can be achieved, and the efficiency of the system can be improved. Special attention was paid to the application of these techniques under different working conditions, providing valuable insights into the practicality and adaptability of each approach. Finally, most studies have shown that composite technology is a key means of improving the performance of current-carrying friction pairs, particularly in challenging working environments. However, the processing costs are relatively high. Future research should focus on the comprehensive utilization of multiple technologies to improve overall efficiency. These findings highlight the important application value of surface-treatment technology for improving the frictional characteristics of carrier currents. More importantly, it is of great significance to promote the comprehensive development of the entire field of carrier friction and to affect the progress of various fields. |
| Key words: current-carrying friction frictional wear characteristics surface modification surface coating |
