| 引用本文: | 姜凤阳,艾根根,思芳,刘江南,卫娜,王俊勃.合金成分对高熵合金涂层耐磨性影响的研究进展[J].中国表面工程,2024,37(4):18~43 |
| JIANG Fengyang,AI Gengen,SI Fang,LIU Jiangnan,WEI Na,WANG Junbo.Research Progress of the Effect of Alloy Composition on the Wear Resistance of High-entropy Alloy Coatings[J].China Surface Engineering,2024,37(4):18~43 |
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| 摘要: |
| 在材料表面制备高熵合金涂层，可显著提升其表面硬度、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能，延长服役寿命。高熵合金涂层在对基体材料抗磨性要求较为苛刻的领域表现出巨大的应用潜力，然而鲜有相关综述论文，有必要对目前关于高熵合金涂层耐磨性的研究成果进行评述。根据材料科学与工程四面体可得，合金成分是影响高熵合金涂层耐磨性的根本原因。对现有研究梳理，归纳总结 Al、Ti、Cu、Co、Nb、Mo、W 等金属系元素，Si、B、C、O 非金属系元素、元素的复合作用，以及 TiC 与 WC 等陶瓷颗粒对高熵合金涂层微观组织、硬度和耐磨性机理的影响。结果表明，通过微量或大量掺杂合金成分可以改变高熵合金涂层的组织结构及其强化机制，进而改善其耐磨性能。最后，指出目前研究工作中所面临的挑战，展望高熵合金涂层的应用前景和发展方向。系统地概括目前合金成分对高熵合金涂层耐磨性影响的相关研究，研究结果对于制定更科学合理的耐磨性设计方案、提高涂层的耐用性和实际应用效果有着积极的作用，对相关领域研究有着一定的参考价值。 |
| 关键词: 高熵合金涂层 合金成分 微观组织 硬度 耐磨性 |
| DOI：10.11933/j.issn.1007-9289.20230902001 |
| 分类号:TG139 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金-青年基金（51901019）；西安市重大科技成果转化及产业化项目（20GXSF0010） |
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| Research Progress of the Effect of Alloy Composition on the Wear Resistance of High-entropy Alloy Coatings |
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JIANG Fengyang1，AI Gengen1，SI Fang1，LIU Jiangnan1，WEI Na2，WANG Junbo1
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1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’ an Polytechnic University, Xi’ an 710048 , China ；2.Xi’ an Chaojing Technology Co., Ltd, Xi’ an 710200 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Frictional wear occurs primarily on the surface of materials, and the failure of most mechanical components is due to the resulting surface wear, which not only reduces their reliability and safety, but is typically unavoidable in most mechanical systems with moving parts. The durability and reliability of engineering components are closely related to their wear resistance. The development of advanced materials to reduce the energy and material losses in moving mechanical systems remains a significant challenge. Novel high-entropy alloys composed of multiple principal elements offer promising prospects for the development of materials with excellent wear resistance owing to their superior hardness, outstanding wear resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the preparation cost of block high-entropy alloys is high, and high-entropy alloy films are difficult to apply in practical situations. Therefore, high-entropy alloy coatings have become a popular research topic. By preparing high-entropy alloy coatings on the surface of materials, the surface hardness, mechanical properties, friction, and wear properties can be significantly improved, thus extending the service life. High-entropy alloy coatings have shown enormous potential for applications in areas where the wear resistance of the base material is more demanding; however, there are few relevant review papers. Hence, it is necessary to review current research results on the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings. It is imperative to review the current research results on the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings. Additionally, it is of utmost significance to understand the research progress in improving the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings and to facilitate their applications in industry. According to the materials science and engineering tetrahedron, it can be concluded that the microstructure, heat treatment method, temperature, cooling method, holding time, preparation process, processing process, and whether a protective oxide layer is produced during the friction and wear experiments contribute to a significant impact on the tribological properties of high-entropy alloy coatings. Nevertheless, alloy composition is a fundamental factor affecting the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings. Therefore, this paper reviews existing research and summarizes the effects of metallic elements such as Al, Ti, Cu, Co, Nb, Mo, and W; non-metallic elements such as Si, B, C, and O; composite effects of elements; and ceramic particles such as TiC and WC on the microstructure, hardness, and abrasion resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings. The results showed that the microstructure of high-entropy alloy coatings and their strengthening mechanisms could be changed by a trace or a substantial number of alloying components, which in turn improves their wear resistance. Alloying is an effective way to improve the tribological properties of high-entropy alloy coatings. An appropriate alloying composition will not only lead to lattice distortion and solid solution strengthening of the coatings, but also generate hard phases, thus elevating their hardness and wear resistance. The lubrication mechanism of precipitation hardening and reinforcement doping into high-entropy alloy coatings originates from the formation of hard reinforcement phases during the preparation process. Although the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings is linearly related to their hardness, the hard phase can also function as abrasive particles to accelerate damage to the wear surface and reduce the wear resistance of the base material when the hard phase is exfoliated. Accordingly, it is crucial to rationally adjust the type and content of the reinforcing phase. The challenges faced in the current research work are highlighted, and the application prospects and development directions of high-entropy alloy coatings are envisioned. It has a positive effect on the development of more scientific and reasonable wear-resistant design schemes, enhancement of coating durability, and practical application effects to systematically review the current research related to the influence of alloy composition on the wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings. In addition, it contains reference values for scholars and researchers in related fields. |
| Key words: high-entropy alloy coatings alloy composition microstructure hardness wear resistance |
